The semi-arid region of Brazil presents serious environmental problems. Among them, highlighted the accelerated soil degradation, which is the one which have an important contribution to the land desertification. Based on this concept, the objective of this study is to assess the impacts in changing the land use and evaluate how the land degradation/desertification influences the population dynamics in part of Gilbués city (Piauí state, Brazil) desertification nucleus. For this study, Landsat images, TM and ETM+ sensors and soil maps, developed by EMBRAPA, were used. Furthermore, demographic and socioeconomic data, aggregated by sector, were also considered. The land cover classes changes assessment showed that Cerrado area has decreased 9%, which is equivalent to an area of 550 km2. Cerrado was replaced by farming activities (5%, 315 km2) and desertified areas (4%, 240 km2). Concerning to the population, it has increased during the analyzed period. Urban sectors grew up from 7399 habitants per year, in 2000, to 19754 habitants per year, in 2010, with an increase of 62%. Rural population grew up in total of 20%, from 13660 habitants per year, in 2000, to 17468 habitants per year, in 2010. The results also present a decrease in the male population, aged between 35 and 39 years, which may indicate the migration of this group to other regions, seeking for better working conditions.
Redes Sociais