Earth system science addresses natural and human-driven processes affecting the evolution and ultimately the habitability of the planet. We must recognize that the Earth system encompasses interactions among the atmosphere, ocean, ice, land, biochemistry, and humanity. Humanity has advertent- ly and...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:15 PM
Climatology of extratropical cyclones over the South American – Southern oceans sector.
A climatology of extratropical cyclones is presented. Extratropical cyclones, their main characteristics and their predominant tracks, as well as their interannual variability affect weather in South America. For that purpose, a storm-track database has been compiled by applying a cyclone tracking s...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:14 PM
Temporal downscaling: a comparison between artificial neural network and autocorrelation techniques over the Amazon Basin in present and future climate change scenarios.
Several studies have been devoted to dynamic and statistical downscaling for both climate variability and climate change. This paper introduces an application of temporal neural networks for downscaling global climate model output and autocorrelation functions. This method is proposed for downscalin...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:12 PM
Contextualizing ethanol avoided carbon emissions in Brazil.
We propose to compare avoided emissions from ethanol use in Brazil with emissions caused by the use of fossil fuel, and by land use changes, specifically Amazon deforestation. The avoided emissions of CO2 in Brazil due to ethanol use in 2008 ranged from approximately 9 to 12 TgCyr1. These values are...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:10 PM
Nitrogênio dissolvido em rios de regiões distintas do Brasil.
A carga do nitrogênio em rios é cada vez mais controlada por atividades humanas independentemente da escala espacial, do clima, ou da região geográfica. Consequentemente, esforços de modelagem que predizem exportação de nitrogênio usam atributos que refletem atividades humanas, tais quais, d...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:09 PM
Atmospheric SO2 measurements at the Brazilian Antarctic Station.
For a better comprehension of the atmospheric chemical and radiative properties, it is necessary to understand the behaviour of trace gases and aerosols; some of these gas types have not been deeply studied. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) is found in the troposphere, as a result of both natural and anthropog...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:06 PM
An intercomparison of observed and simulated extreme rainfall and temperature events during the last half of the twentieth century: part 2: historical trends.
Projections of changes in climate extremes are critical to assessing the potential impacts of climate change on human and natural systems. Therefore, especial care should be put on the validation of those extremes derived for present climate in both spatial and temporal variability. We analyze histo...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:05 PM
Regional climate change scenarios in South America in the late XXI century: projections and expected impacts.
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por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:04 PM
Future change of climate in South America in the late twenty-first century: intercomparison of scenarios from three regional climate models.
Regional climate change projections for the last half of the twenty-first century have been produced for South America, as part of the CREAS (Cenarios REgionalizados de Clima Futuro da America do Sul) regional project. Three regional climate models RCMs (Eta CCS, RegCM3 and HadRM3P) were nested with...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
26/08/2010
1:01 PM
Extreme rainfall and the flood of the century in Amazonia 2009.
During the austral summer and winter 2009, the Amazon basin, drained by the Amazon River and its tributaries, was hit by heavy flooding. This year the water level rose higher and stayed longer than it has in several decades. According to national and international press, almost 376 000 people were l...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
23/08/2010
4:52 PM
The use of Euclidean geometric distance on RGB color space for classification of sky and cloud patterns.
The current work describes the use of multidimensional Euclidean geometric distance (EGD) and Bayesian methods to characterize and classify the sky and cloud patterns present in image pixels. From specific images and using visualization tools, it was noticed that sky and cloud patterns occupy a typi...
por Portal Padrão
publicado
23/08/2010
4:50 PM
Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability to global environmental change: challenges and pathways for an action-oriented research agenda for middle-income and low-income countries.
The socio-economic impacts of environmental stresses associated with global environmental change depend to a large extent on how societies organize themselves. Research on climate-related societal impacts, vulnerability and adaptation is currently underdeveloped, prompting international global envir...
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